NOVEMBER TWENTY-SEVENTH, 1995

THIRTY-NINTH BIRTHDAY OF CONE 7A TULUMAN, VOLCANO, PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Born NOVEMBER 27, 1953, in the North Bismark Sea. Cone Seven A: the first subaerial outbreak of this one of the seven sites from which igneous products were emitted, collectively called the volcano Tuluman. In the period 1953-1957 the submarine activity gave rise to two islands Of the eight sites of submarine activity all but Cones 1 and 6 gave rise to land above sealevel. Between 1954-1957 six cones (designated Cones 2,3,4,5,7A,7B) appeared at one or another time above sea level in this area. The birthdays of these six cones have been recorded.here. There are some who would catagorize all the cone eruptions as being part of a single volcanic eruption. All emiitted solid or liquid igneous material above sea level; are not at the same site as, or on the flanks of a volcano above sea level. These attributes qualify them as being "New Volcanoes".

		PERIODS OF ACTIVITY OF THE TULUMAN CONES                                  

Cone Place  Period         		Weeks	Type of Activity

1	A	27 June-6 July 1953	  	11/2	Submarine*
	D	20 Oct.-6 Nov. 1954  	2/1/2	Submarine
	E	16 May-6 June 1955  	3		Submarine
	E	6-20 June 1955	 		2		Minor explosive and vapour
	F	20 Sept. 1955					Vapour emission
		TD = 2 yr 3 mth

2	B	14 Nov. 1953-18 Feb.1954  14	Submarine (Intermittent)
	C	9-11 and 21-27 July 1954  11/2	Submarine reaching surface 11 July
	E	10-12 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Minor explosive
		TD = 1 yr 3 mth

3	C	11-14 July 1954			  1/2	Surface explosive
		TD = 3 days
1/2
4	E	11-15 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Surface explosive
	F	21 July-2 Aug.1955		  2		Minor axplosive & vapour
	F	15 Oct.-25 Nov.1955	  	  4		Minor axplosive & vapour
	G	24 Nov.-4 Dec.1956		  1		Minor axplosive & vapour
		TD = 1 yr 10 mth

5	E	11-13 and 16-23 Feb. 1955 11/2	Submarine, reaching surface
	E	24 Feb.-11 Mar. 1955      2		Surface explosive & effusive
		TD = 1 mth

6	E	12 Mar.-9 May 1955	9	Submarine (Intermittent)
		TD = 2 mth

-	F	26-28 Sept., 3-7 Oct. 1955   1	Submarine

7A	G	7-26 Nov. 1956			  3		Mainly vapour emission
	G	27 Nov.-11 Dec. 1956	  2		Surface explosive

7G	G	30 Nov.-2 Dec. 1956		 1/2 	Submarine
	G	11 Dec. 1956-28 Jan. 1957 7  	Surface effusive & minor explosive
		TD = 2~1/2mth
Reynolds, M.A., Best, J.G. ,Johnson, R.W., !953-57 eruption of Tuluman Volcano: rhyolitic volcanic volcanic activity in the northen Bismarck Sea, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Memoir 7, 1980. Reference: Reynolds, M.A., Best, J.G. ,Johnson, R.W.., !953-57 eruption of Tuluman Volcano: rhyolitic volcanic volcanic activity in the northen Bismarck Sea, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Memoir 7, 1980.

NOVEMBER FifTEENTH 1995

THE FORTY-SECOND BIRTHDAY OF SURTSEY VOLCANO, ICELAND

Born 15, 1963, an island.

First eruption column 7:15 AM Nov. 14, 1963. Ólafur Vestman observed the beginning of the eruption from the ship. The eruptions were preceeded by a rise in temperature of 7-9 degrees at the sea surface, 45 days before. There were enhanced tremors. The early eruptions were of pyroclastics. Basaltic lava erupted April 4, 1964. Eruptions ceased 6/5/67 There are no recorded eruptions since the period of activity 1963-1964.

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References:

NOVEMBER EIGHTEENTH 1995

THE EIGHTY-SEVENTH BIRTHDAY OF CHINYERO VOLCANO, CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN

Born on November 18, 1909 on the island of Tenerife in the Canary Islands. Activity ceased on Nov.27, 1909.

NOVEMBER TWENTY-FIFTH 1995

THE ONE HUNDRED FORTY-EIGHTH OR FORTY-NINTH BIRTHDAY OF THE ADVENTIVE CONE, QUIZAPÙ VOLCANO, CHILE

Born Nov. 26, 1846 or 1847 Ritmann and Domeyko say 1847

QUIZAPÙ is an adventive cone on the side of Cerro Azul, {Not a new volcano by our definition). Eruption preceeded by extraordinary noise. Domeyko tells the story of the eruption

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References

. Last revision July 12, 1995