JULY SECOND, 1955

THE ONE HUNDRED TWENTY-FOURTH BIRTHDAY OF FERNDINANDEA

Born July 2, 1831

In the Sicilian Sea, disappeared Dec. 28,1831 Referred to in Imbò as Guilia-Fernandindeo

References

JULY ELEVENTH, 1995

THE FORTY-FIRST BIRTHDAY OF CONE 2, TULUMAN, VOLCANO, PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Born July 11, 1954, in the North Bismark Sea Cone two, a suface outbreak at one of the seven sites from which igneous products were emitted collectively called the volcano Tuluman. In the period 1953-1957 the activity gave rise to two islands Of eight sites of activity all but Cone 1 and 6 gave rise to land above sealevel. Between 1954-1957 six cones (designated Cones 2,3,4,5,7A,7B) appeared at one or another time above sea level in this area. The birthdays of these six cones have been recorded.here. There are some who would catagorize all the cone eruptions as being part of a single volcanic eruption. All emiitted solid or liquid igneous material above sea level; are not at the same site as, or on the flanks of any subaerial volcano. These attributes qualify them as being "New Volcanoes" 

		PERIODS OF ACTIVITY OF THE TULUMAN CONES                                  

Cone Place  Period         		Weeks	Type of Activity

1	A	27 June-6 July 1953	  	11/2	Submarine*
	D	20 Oct.-6 Nov. 1954  	2/1/2	Submarine
	E	16 May-6 June 1955  	3		Submarine
	E	6-20 June 1955	 		2		Minor explosive and vapour
	F	20 Sept. 1955					Vapour emission
		TD = 2 yr 3 mth

2	B	14 Nov. 1953-18 Feb.1954  14	Submarine (Intermittent)
	C	9-11 and 21-27 July 1954  11/2	Submarine reaching surface 11 July
	E	10-12 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Minor explosive
		TD = 1 yr 3 mth

3	C	11-14 July 1954			  1/2	Surface explosive
		TD = 3 days
1/2
4	E	11-15 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Surface explosive
	F	21 July-2 Aug.1955		  	  2	Minor axplosive & 								vapour
	F	15 Oct.-25 Nov.1955	  	  4	Minor axplosive & 								vapour
	G	24 Nov.-4 Dec.1956		  1	Minor axplosive & 								vapour
		TD = 1 yr 10 mth

5	E	11-13 and 16-23 Feb. 1955 11/2	Submarine, reaching surface
	E	24 Feb.-11 Mar. 1955      2		Surface explosive & effusive
		TD = 1 mth

6	E	12 Mar.-9 May 1955		  9	     Submarine (Intermittent)
		TD = 2 mth

-	F	26-28 Sept., 3-7 Oct. 1955    	 1 	    Submarine

7A	G	7-26 Nov. 1956			 3	    Mainly vapour emission
	G	27 Nov.-11 Dec. 1956	  	2	    Surface explosive

7G	G	30 Nov.-2 Dec. 1956		1/2 	    Submarine
	G	11 Dec. 1956-28 Jan. 1957 7     Surface effusive & minor explosive
		TD = 2 1/2mth

Reference

Reynolds, M. A., Best, J. G. , Johnson, R. W.. !953-57 eruption of Tuluman Volcano: rhyolitic volcanic volcanic activity in the northen Bismarck Sea, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Memoir 7, 1980.

JULY THIRTEENTH, 1995

THE FORTY-FIRST BIRTHDAY OF CONE 3, TULUMAN, VOLCANO, PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Born July 13, 1954, in the North Bismark Sea Cone Three, a suface outbreak at one of the seven sites from which igneous products were emitted collectively called the volcano Tuluman. In the period 1953-1957 the activity gave rise to two islands Of eight sites of activity all but Cones 1 and 6 gave rise to land above sealevel. Between 1954-1957 eight cones (designated Cones 2,3,4,5,7A,7B) appeared at one or another time above sea level in this area. The birthdays of these six cones have been recorded.here. There are some who would catagorize all the cone eruptions as being part of a single volcanic eruption. All emiitted solid or liquid igneous material above sea level; are not at the same site as, or on the flanks of any volcano above sea level. These attributes qualify them as being "New Volcanoes" 
		PERIODS OF ACTIVITY OF THE TULUMAN CONES                                  

Cone Place  Period         		Weeks	Type of Activity

1	A	27 June-6 July 1953	  	11/2	Submarine*
	D	20 Oct.-6 Nov. 1954  	2/1/2	Submarine
	E	16 May-6 June 1955  	3	Submarine
	E	6-20 June 1955	 	2	Minor explosive and vapour
	F	20 Sept. 1955			Vapour emission
		TD = 2 yr 3 mth

2	B	14 Nov. 1953-18 Feb.1954  14	Submarine (Intermittent)
	C	9-11 and 21-27 July 1954  11/2	Submarine reaching surface 11 July
	E	10-12 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Minor explosive
		TD = 1 yr 3 mth

3	C	11-14 July 1954			  1/2	Surface explosive
		TD = 3 days
1/2
4	E	11-15 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Surface explosive
	F	21 July-2 Aug.1955		  	  2	Minor axplosive , vapour
	F	15 Oct.-25 Nov.1955	  	  4	Minor axplosive , vapour
	G	24 Nov.-4 Dec.1956		  1	Minor axplosive , vapour
		TD = 1 yr 10 mth

5	E	11-13 and 16-23 Feb. 1955 		11/2  Submarine, reaching 								surface
	E	24 Feb.-11 Mar. 1955      		2       Surface explosive  									effusive
		TD = 1 mth

6	E	12 Mar.-9 May 1955		  9	   Submarine (Intermittent)
		TD = 2 mth

-	F	26-28 Sept., 3-7 Oct. 1955  1  Submarine

7A	G	7-26 Nov. 1956			  3	   Mainly vapour emission
	G	27 Nov.-11 Dec. 1956	 	 2	   Surface explosive

7G	G	30 Nov.-2 Dec. 1956		1/2 	   Submarine
	G	11 Dec. 1956-28 Jan. 1957 7    Surface effusive & minor explosive
		TD = 2~1/2mth

Reference

Reynolds, M. A., Best, J. G., Johnson, R.W..!953-57 eruption of Tuluman Volcano: rhyolitic volcanic activity in the northern Bismarck Sea, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Memoir 7, 1980.

JULY TWENTY-FOURTH, 1995

THE FIFTY-SIXTH BIRTHDAY OF KICK 'EM JENNY VOLCANO, GRENADA, WEST INDIES

First submarine eruption July 24, 1939 but perhaps never reached the surface.

References

Last revision Aug. 11, 1995