DECEMBER ELEVENTH, 1995

THE THIRTY-NINTH BIRTHDAY OF CONE 7B TULUMAN, VOLCANO, PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Born December 11, 1956, in the North Bismark Sea.

Cone 7B, a subaerial outbreak at one of the seven sites from which igneous products were emitted collectively called the volcano Tuluman. In the period 1953-1957 the submarine activity gave rise to two islands Of the eight sites of submarine activity all but Cones 1 and 6 gave rise to land above sealevel. Between 1954-1957 six cones (designated Cones 2,3,4,5,7A,7B) appeared at one or another time above sea level in this area. The birthdays of all these cones have been recorded.here. There are some who would catagorize all the cone eruptions as being part of a single volcanic eruption. All emiitted solid or liquid igneous material above sea level; are not at the same site as, or on the flanks of a subaerial volcano. These attributes qualify them as being "New Volcanoes" The 1883 eruption did not reach the surface 

		PERIODS OF ACTIVITY OF THE TULUMAN CONES                                  

Cone Place  Period         		Weeks	Type of Activity

1	A	27 June-6 July 1953	  	11/2	Submarine*
	D	20 Oct.-6 Nov. 1954  	2/1/2	Submarine
	E	16 May-6 June 1955  	3		Submarine
	E	6-20 June 1955	 		2		Minor explosive and vapour
	F	20 Sept. 1955					Vapour emission
		TD = 2 yr 3 mth

2	B	14 Nov. 1953-18 Feb.1954  14	Submarine (Intermittent)
	C	9-11 and 21-27 July 1954  11/2	Submarine reaching surface 11 July
	E	10-12 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Minor explosive
		TD = 1 yr 3 mth

3	C	11-14 July 1954			  1/2	Surface explosive
		TD = 3 days
		
4	E	11-15 Feb. 1955			  1/2	Surface explosive
	F	21 July-2 Aug.1955		  2		Minor axplosive & vapour
	F	15 Oct.-25 Nov.1955	  	  4		Minor axplosive & vapour
	G	24 Nov.-4 Dec.1956		  1		Minor axplosive & vapour
		TD = 1 yr 10 mth

5	E	11-13 and 16-23 Feb. 1955 11/2	Submarine, reaching surface
	E	24 Feb.-11 Mar. 1955      2		Surface explosive & effusive
		TD = 1 mth

6	E	12 Mar.-9 May 1955		  9		Submarine (Intermittent)
		TD = 2 mth

-	F	26-28 Sept., 3-7 Oct. 1955  1	Submarine

7A	G	7-26 Nov. 1956			  3		Mainly vapour emission
	G	27 Nov.-11 Dec. 1956	  2		Surface explosive

7G	G	30 Nov.-2 Dec. 1956		  1/2 	Submarine
	G	11 Dec. 1956-28 Jan. 1957 7  	Surface effusive & minor explosive
		TD = 2~1/2mth

Reference.

. Reynolds, M.A., Best, J.G. ,Johnson, R.W.., !953-57 eruption of Tuluman Volcano: rhyolitic volcanic volcanic activity in the northern Bismarck Sea, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Memoir 7, 1980.

DECEMBER TWENTY SEVENTH 1995

THE FIFTY SECOND BIRTHDAY OF WAIOWA VOLCANO, PAPUA NEW GUINEA

Born Dec. 27,1943

. The cone now has an elevation of 640 m There are no recorded eruptions since the period of activity 1943-1944 The eruptions were of andesitic ash and much steam. No tremors or noises wetre reported during the first eruption No volcanic eruptions had been reported in this area previously. Hot spring activity has been reported 105 Km to the WNW. The eruption was peeceded by steam and ash in October and November from 4 vents

Baker article reprinted by Luhr and Simkin p. 375

References:

  • Reference.

    Reynolds, M.A., Best, J.G. ,Johnson, R.W.., !953-57 eruption of Tuluman Volcano: rhyolitic volcanic volcanic activity in the northern Bismarck Sea, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Memoir 7, 1980.

    DECEMBER TWENTY-SIXTH 1995

    THE THIRTIETH BIRTHDAY OF JÓLNIR VOLCANO, ICELAND

    The island appeared Dec.28th. It washed away several times, the first time Jan. 6, 1966. Eruption ceased Aug. 10, 1966. The cone was 210 feet high The tephra had become more basic. By the end of Sept.the island had almost completely washed away.

    Reference

    Thorarinsson, Sigurdur; Surtsey, Alemenna Bókafélagid, Rekyavik, Iceland, 1966.

    Last revision July 12, 1995