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(15) Input and output

Input and Output

Shell scripts can generate output directly or read input into variables using the following commands:

Script output

echo

Print arguments, separated by spaces, and terminated by a newline, to stdout. Use quotes to preserve spacing. Echo also understands C-like escape conventions.

-n: suppress newline

print (ksh internal)

Print arguments, separated by spaces, and terminated by a newline, to stdout. Print observes the same escape conventions as echo.

-n: suppress newline
-r: raw mode - ignore \-escape conventions
-R: raw mode - ignore \-escape conventions and -options except -n.

Script input

read var1 var2 rest

read a line from stdin, parsing by $IFS, and placing the words into the named variables. Any left over words all go into the last variable. A '\' as the last character on a line removes significance of the newline, and input continues with the following line.

-r: raw mode - ignore \-escape conventions

Example: ex4a display, text

stdio.src last modified Jun 9, 2006

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