pgCC

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

pgCC is the interface to The Portland Group C++ compiler for the X86 or AMD64 processors. It invokes the C++ compiler, assembler, and linker with options derived from its command-line arguments.

pgCC bases its processing on the suffixes of the files it is passed. Files whose names end with .cpp, .cc, .c, or .C, are considered to be C++ source files. They are preprocessed, compiled and assembled. The resulting object file is placed in the current directory. Files whose names end with .s are considered to be X86 or AMD64 assembly language files. They are assembled and the resulting object file is placed in the current directory. Files whose names end with .o are taken as object files, and are passed directly to the linker if linking is requested. Files whose names end with .a are taken as ar libraries. No action is performed on .a files unless linking is requested.

Files not ending in .cpp, .cc, .C, .c, .o, .s, .ipo, or .a are taken as object files and passed to the linker (if linking is requested) with a warning message.

If a single C++ program is compiled and linked with one pgCC command, then the intermediate object and assembly files are deleted.  

A NOTE ON C++ OPTIMIZATION

pgCC provides a number of options to enable different optimization levels. PGI recommends the following switch combination as a starting point for setting the optimization level: -fast -Minline=levels:10. The best performance will be achieved if exception handling is also disabled via --no_exceptions. To avoid excessive code expansion due to inlining, move Standard Template Library I/O out of inlined objects. For additional optimizations, refer to the -Msafeptr and -Mvect options.  

OPTIONS

-#

Display the invocations of the compiler, assembler, and linker. These invocations are the command lines created by pgCC.

-###

Display invocations of the compiler, assembler and linker, but do not execute them.

-A

With this option, pgCC accepts code conforming to the ANSI standard for C++.

--[no_]alternative_tokens

(Disable) Enable recognition of alternative tokens. This controls recognition of the digraph tokens in C and C++, and controls recognition of the operator keywords (e.g., and) in C++.

--[no_]auto_instantiation

(Disable) Enable automatic instantiation of templates.

-b

Same as "--cfront_2.1"

-b3

Same as "--cfront_3.0"

-Bdynamic

Passed to the linker to specify dynamic binding

-Bstatic

Passed to the linker to specify static binding

--[no_]bool

(Disable) Enable recognition of the bool type.

--[no_]brief_diagnostics

(Disable) Enable a mode in which a shorter form of the diagnostic output is used. When enabled, the original source line is not displayed and the error message text is not wrapped when too long to fit on a single line.

--[no]builtin

(Don't) compile with math subroutine builtin support, inlining selected math library routines. --builtin is the default.

-C

Preserve comments in preprocessed C source files.

-c

Skip the link step; compile and assemble only.

--cfront_2.1

Enable compilation of C++ with cfront 2.1 compatibility. This causes the compiler to accept language constructs that while not part of the C++ language definition, are accepted by the AT&T C++ language system (cfront release 2.1). This option also enables acceptance of anachronisms.

--cfront_3.0

Enable compilation of C++ with cfront 2.1/3.0 compatibility. This causes the compiler to accept language constructs that while not part of the C++ language definition, are accepted by the AT&T C++ language system (cfront releases 2.1 and 3.0). This option also enables acceptance of anachronisms.

--create_pch file-name

If other conditions are satisfied create a precompiled header file with the specified name. If --pch (automatic PCH mode) appears on the command line following this option, its effect is erased.

-Dname[=def]

Define name to be def in the preprocessor. If def is missing, it is assumed to be empty. If the = sign is missing, then name is defined to be the string 1.

-define_macro<macro>

Define a preprocessor macro.

--dependencies

Writes makefile dependencies to stdout.

--dependencies_to_file file-name

Writes makefile dependencies to file-name.

--diag_error iag,iag,...

Override the normal error severity of the specified diagnostic messages. The message(s) may be specified using a mnemonic error tag or using an error number.

--diag_remark iag,iag,...

Override the normal error severity of the specified diagnostic messages. The message(s) may be specified using a mnemonic error tag or using an error number.

--diag_suppress iag,iag,...

Override the normal error severity of the specified diagnostic messages. The message(s) may be specified using a mnemonic error tag or using an error number.

--diag_warning iag,iag,...

Override the normal error severity of the specified diagnostic messages. The message(s) may be specified using a mnemonic error tag or using an error number.

--display_error_number

Display the error message number in any diagnostic messages that are generated. The option may be used to determine the error number to be used when overriding the severity of a diagnostic message.

--dollar

Accept dollar signs in identifiers.

-dryrun

Use this option to display the invocations of the compiler, assembler, and linker but do not execute them.

-E

Preprocess each input source file, .cc file, and send the result to standard output. No compilation, assembly, or linking is performed.

-e [ number ]

Set the C++ front end error limit to the specified number. The C++ compiler will abandon compilation after the specified number of errors.

--early_tiebreaker --late_tiebreaker

Select the way that tie-breakers (e.g., cv-qualifier differences) apply in overload resolution. In "early" tie-breaker processing, the tie-breakers are considered at the same time as other measures of the goodness of the match of an argument value and the corresponding parameter type (this is the standard approach). In "late" tiebreaker processing, tie-breakers are ignored during the initial comparison, and considered only if two functions are otherwise equally good on all arguments; the tie-breakers can then be used to choose one function over another.

--[no_]enum_overloading

(Disable) Enable support for using operator functions to overload builtin operations on enum-typed operands.

--error_limit<num>

Set the error limit to num. The front end will abandon compilation after this number of errors (remarks and warnings are not counted towards the limit). By default, the limit is 100.

--[no_]exceptions

(Disable) Enable exception handling support. --exceptions is the default.

--[no_]explicit

(Disable) Enable support for the explicit specifier on constructor declarations.

-fast

Chooses generally optimal flags for the target platform. Equivalent to "-O2 -Munroll -Mnoframe" on X86 or AMD64 platforms.

-fastsse

Chooses generally optimal flags for an X86 or AMD64 machine that supports the SSE (Pentium 3/4, AthlonXP/MP) and SSE2 (Pentium 4) type instructions. Equivalent to "-fast -Mscalarsse -Mvect=sse -Mcache_align -Mflushz" on X86 or AMD64 platforms.

-flags

Displays driver options on the standard output.

--[no_]for_init_diff_warning

(Disable) Enable a warning that is issued when programs compiled under the new for-init scoping rules would have different behavior under the old rules.

--force_vtbl

Force definition of virtual function tables in cases where the heuristic used by the front end to decide on definition of virtual function tables provides no guidance. See --suppress_vtbl.

-fpic

(Linux only) Instructs the compiler to generate position-independent code which can be used to create shared object files (dynamically linked libraries).

-fPIC

Equivalent to -fpic. Provided for compatibility with other compilers.

-g

Generate symbolic debug information. This also sets the optimization level to zero, unless a

-g77libs

A link-time option which allows object files generated by GNU g77 (or gcc ) to be linked in to pgCC main programs. -O switch is present on the command line. Symbolic debugging may give confusing results if an optimization level other than zero is selected. -O0 code will be significantly slower than code generated at other optimization levels.

--gnu_extensions

Allow gnu extensions like "include_next", which are required to compile Linux system header files. This is the default on Linux systems.

-help

Displays options recognized by the driver on the standard output.

-Idirectory

Add directory to the compiler's search path for include files. For include files surrounded by < >, each -I directory is searched followed by the standard area. For include files surrounded by " ", the directory containing the file containing the #include directive is searched, followed by the -I directories, followed by the standard area.

--implicit_include

Enable implicit inclusion of source files as a method of finding definitions of tempalate entities to be instantiated.

--[no_]implicit_typename

(Disable) Enable implicit determination, from context, whether a template parameter dependent name is type of nontype.

--instantiate=none|all|used|local

Control instantiation of external template entities. External template entities are external (i.e. noninline and nonstatic) template functions and tempate static data members. The instantiation mode determines the template entities for which code should be generated base on the template definition.

none

Instantiate no template entities. This is the default.

used

Instantiate only the tempate entities that are used in this compilation.

all

Instantiate all template entities whether or not they are used.

local

Instantiate only the template entities that are used in this compilation, and force those entities to be local to this compilation.

--instantiation_dir directory

When --one_instatiation_per_object is used, this defines directory as the instantiation directory. The default directory name is template.dir.

-Kflag

Requests that the compiler provide special compilation semantics. The permitted flags are:

ieee

Perform float and double divides in conformance with the IEEE 754 standard. This is done by replacing the usual in-line divide algorithm with a subroutine call, at the expense of performance. The default algorithm produces results that differ from the correctly rounded result by no more than 3 units in the last place. Also, on some systems, a more accurate math library may be linked if -Kieee is used during the link step.

noieee

Use the in-line divide algorithm, link in the non-IEEE libraries if available, and disable underflow traps.

PIC

Equivalent to -fpic. Provided for compatibility with other compilers.

pic

Equivalent to -fpic. Provided for compatibility with other compilers.

trap=option[,option]...

Controls the behavior of the X86 or AMD64 processor when floating-point exceptions occur. Possible options include fp, align (ignored), inv, denorm, divz, ovf, unf, and inexact. -Ktrap is only processed when compiling a main function/program. The options inv, denorm, divz, ovf, unf, and inexzct correspond to the X86 or AMD64 processor's exception mask bits invalid operation, denormalized operand, divide-by-zero, overflow, underflow, and precision, respectively. Normally, the X86 or AMD64 processor's exception mask bits are on (floating-point exceptions are masked - the processor recovers from exceptions and continues). If a floating-point exception occurs and its corresponding mask bit is off (or "unmasked"), execution terminates with an arithmetic exception (C's FPE signal). -Ktrap=fp is equivalent to -Ktrap=inv,divz,ovf.

-Ldirectory

Change the default directory in which the linker searches for libraries to directory . If the linker supports this option, then the option is passed to the linker; otherwise, the driver replaces the default library area with directory and uses it when constructing library path names. Note that a library search path can be established using this option only if the linker supports such functionality.

-llibrary

Load the library liblibrary.a from the standard library directory. If the linker supports this option; then the option is passed to the linker; otherwise the library name is constructed and the full library path is passed to the linker. See the -L option below.

--late_tiebreaker

See --early_tiebreaker

--list<file>

Generate raw listing information in the file <file>. This information is likely to be used to generate a formatted listing. The raw listing file contains raw source lines, information on transitions into and out of include files, and diagnostics generated by the front end.

--[no]llalign

(Don't) Do align long long integers on 64-bit boundaries.

--long_lifetime_temps --short_lifetime_temps

Select the lifetime for temporaries: "short" means to end of full expression; "long" means to the earliest of end of scope, end of switch clause, or the next label. "short" is standard C++, and "long is used by cfront.

--[no_]long_preserving_rules

(Disable) Enable the K&R usual arithmetic conversion rules with respect to long.

--[no_]namespaces

(Disable) Enable support for namespaces.

--new_for_init --old_for_init

Control the scope of a declaration in a for-init-statement. The old (cfront-compatible) scoping rules mean the declaration is in the scope to which the for statement itself belongs; the new (standard-conforming) rules in effect wrap the entire for statement in its own impicitly generated scope.

-M

Generate a list of make dependences and print them to stdout.

-MD

Generate a list of make dependences and print them to the file file.d, where file is the root name of the file under compilation.

-Mpgflag

See the description for the -M pgflag options on the following pages.

-m

Generate a link map on standard output.

-mp

Interpret OpenMP pragmas to explicitly parallelize regions of code for execution by multiple threads on a multi-processor system. Most OpenMP pragmas as well as the SGI parallelization pragmas are supported. See Chapter 11 of the PGI User's Guide for more information on these pragmas.

--no_implicit_include

By default, if the compiler needs a definition of a template declared in a .h file, it will look to the corresponding .c file for the template definition. This flag turns that feature off.

--no_line_commands

Do preprocessing only. Write preprocessed text to the preprocessing output file, with comments removed and without line control information.

-O[level]

Set the optimization level. If -O is not specified, then the default level is 1 if -g is not specified, and 0 if -g is specified. If a number is not supplied with -O then the optimization level is set to 2 . The optimization levels and their meanings are as follows:

0

A basic block is generated for each C statement. No scheduling is done between statements. No global optimizations are performed.

1

Scheduling within extended basic blocks is performed. Some register allocation is performed. No global optimizations are performed.

2 3 4

All level 1 optimizations are performed. In addition, traditional scalar optimizations such as induction recognition and loop invariant motion are performed by the global optimizer.

-o file

If -c is specified, names the object file, otherwise, use file as the name of the executable program, rather then the default a.out.

--old_for_init

See --new_for_init

--one_instantiation_per_object

Put out each template instantiation (function or static data member) in a separate object file. The primary object file contains everything else in the compilation. Having each instantiation in a separate object file is very useful when creating libraries, because it allows the user of the library to pull only the instantiations that are needed. This flag is necessary for template libraries that rely on other template libraries.

-P

Preprocess each file and leave the output in a file named file.i for each file named file.cc.

+p

Disallow all anachronistic constructs. Ordinarily the C++ front end warns about anachronistic constructs; using the +p option the compiler will not compile code containing anachronistic constructs.

--pch  

Automatically use and/or create a precompiled header
file. If --use_pch or --create_pch (manual PCH mode) appears on the command line following this option, its effect is erased.

--pch_dir directory-name

The directory in which to search for and/or create a precompiled header file. This option may be used with automatic PCH mode (--pch) or manual PCH mode (--create_pch or --use_pch).

--[no_]pch_messages    

(Disable) Enable the display of a message indicating that a
precompiled header file was created or used in the current compilation.

--preinclude=filename

Specify a file to be included at the beginning of compilation; to set system-dependent macros, types, etc.

--prelink_objects

When used with the --one_instantiation_per_object switch, this creates template instantiations for a set of objects that are about to become a template library. This is required for template libraries that reference other template libraries.

--preprocess

Do preprocessing only. Write preprocessed text to the preprocessing output file, with comments removed and with line control information.

-Q

Selects variations for compilation. There are four uses for the -Q option.
-Qdir,directory specifies the directory where the C++ compiler is located.
-Qoption,prog,opt supplies the option opt to the program prog which is one of the phases of the compilation process (pgcpp1, pgcpp2, as, or ld).
-Qpath,pathname this option lets you supply an additional pathname to the search path for the .o files.

-ql

Enables line-level profiling. See -Mprof=lines

-qp

Enables profiling. See -Mprof=func

-Rdirectory

(Linux only) Passed to the linker; always search directory for shared object files when running the generated executable.

-r

Passed to the linker; generate a re-linkable object file.

-rc rcfile

Specifies the name of a driver startup configuration file. If rcfile is a full pathname, then use the specified file. If rcfile is a relative pathname, use the file name as found in in the $DRIVER directory.

--remarks

Issue remarks, which are diagnostic messages even milder than warnings.

--[no]restrict

(Disable) Enable the use of the restrict keyword.

--[no]rtti

(Disable) Enable support for RTTI (runtime type information) features: dynamic_cast, typeid.

-S

Skip the assembly and link steps. Leave the output from the compile step in a file named file.s for each source file.

-s

Passed to the linker; strip symbol table information.

-shared

(Linux only) Passed to the linker. Instructs the linker to generate a shared object file (dynamically linked library).

--short_lifetime_temps

See --long_lifetime_temps

-show

Produce driver help information describing the current driver configuration.

-silent

Do not print warning messages. Same as -Minform=severe

--[no_]special_subscript_cost

(Disable) Enable a special nonstandard weighting of the conversion to the integral operand of the [] operator in overload resolution. This is a compatibilty feature that may be useful with some existing code.

--strict --strict_warnings

Enable strict ANSI/ISO mode, which provides diagnostic messages when non-standard features are used, and disables features that conflict with ANSI/ISO C or C++. The --strict switch causes errors while --strict_warnings produces warnings.

--suppress_vtbl

Suppress definition of virtual function tables in cases where the heuristic used by the front end to decide on definition of virtual function tables provides no guidance. The virtual function table for a class is defined in a compilation if the compilation contains a definition of the first non-inline non-pure virtual function of the class.

-targ

Control instantiation of template functions. The argument arg can be one of all, none, local, or used.

all

specifies that all template functions are instantiated whether or not they are used.

none

specifies that no template functions are instantiated.

local

specifies that only the functions that are used in the compilation are instantiated, and they are forced to be local. Note: this may cause multiple copies of local static variables. If this occurs, the program may not execute correctly.

used

specifies that only the functions that are used in the compilation are instantiated.

-time

Print execution times for the various compilation steps.

-tp

Specify the type of the target processor; possibilities are -tp px for blended code generation that will work on any X86 type processor, -tp p5 for Pentium processors, -tp p6 for Pentium Pro/II processors, -tp piii for Pentium III processors, -tp p7 | -tp piv for Pentium 4 processors, -tp athlon for AMD Athlon processors, -tp athlonxp | -tp k7 for AMD AthlonXP and AthlonMP processors. -tp k8-32 for AMD64 Opteron processors running 32-bit applications, and -tp k8-64 for AMD64 Opteron processors running 64-bit applications. The default in the absence of the -tp flag is to compile for the type of CPU on which the compiler is running.

-Uname

Remove any initial definition of name in the preprocessor. The only names predefined by the preprocessor itself are the standard ANSI C predefined macros. The driver may predefine other names (see the -Mnostddef option above). Since all -D options are processed before all -U options, the -U option can be used to override the -D option. NOTE: ANSI C predefined macros can be defined and undefined on the command line, but not with #define and #undefine directives in the source.

-uname

Passed to the linker; generate undefined reference.

-undefine_macroname

Undefine a macro. See -U

--unsigned_chars

Make plain char unsigned.

--use_pch file-name

Use a precompiled header file of the specified name as part of the current compilation. If --pch (automatic PCH mode) appears on the command line following this option, its effect is erased.

--[no_]using_std

(Disable) Enable implicit use of the std namespace when standard header files are included. --using_std is the default.

-V

Display version messages and other information.

-v

Verbose mode. Print out the command line for each tool before it is executed.

-Wpass,option[,option...]

Pass the options to the specified pass. Each comma-delimited option is passed as a separate argument. The passes are: c for the C++ front end, 0 for the C++ back end, a for the assembler, i for the IPA linker, and l for the linker.

-w

Do not print warning messages.

-Xxfile

Generate cross reference information and place output in the specified file.

-Xm

Allow $ in names.

-Ypass,directory

Look in directory for pass pass, rather then in the standard area. The passes are:

c

Search for the C++ front end executable in directory.

0

Search for the C++ back end executable in directory.

a

Search for the assembler executable in directory.

C

Search for the compiler library in directory.

i

Search for the IPA linker in directory.

l

Search for the linker executable in directory.

p

C++ prelink pass.

m

C++ munch pass.

n

C++ name pass.

P

Add standard library directory.

S

Search for the startup object files in directory.

L

If the linker supports the -YL option, then pass the option -YL,directory to the linker. Otherwise, use directory as the standard library location.

U

If the linker supports the -YU option, then pass the option -YU,directory to the linker. Otherwise this option is ignored.

I

Set the compiler's standard include directory to directory. The standard include directory is set to a default value by the driver and can be overridden by this option.

-Mpgflag

Request PGI-specific actions from the compiler. Many of pgflags optionally begin with no (e.g. [no]list). If the default of such an option is the no variant, this is indicated by no appearing in bold italics as in [no]list. The permitted pgflags are:

anno

Produce annotated assembly files, where source code is intermixed with assembly language. -Mkeepasm or -S must be used as well.

[no]asmkeyword

(Don't) allow the asm keyword in C source code. The format is: asm("<text>")

[no]builtin

(Don't) Do compile with math subroutine builtin support, which causes selected math library routines to be inlined.

[no]bounds

Enable (disable) array bounds checking. Bounds checking is not applied to a subscripting pointer.

cache_align

Align unconstrained data objects of size greater than or equal to 16 bytes on cache-line boundaries. An unconstrained object is a variable or array that is not a member of an aggregate structure or common block, is not allocatable, and is not an automatic array.

chkfpstk

Check for internal consistency of the X86 or AMD64 FP stack in the prologue of a function and after returning from a function or subroutine call. If the PGI_CONTINUE environment variable is set, the stack will be automatically cleaned up and execution will continue. There is a performance penalty associated with the stack cleanup. If PGI_CONTINUE is set to verbose, the stack will be automatically cleaned up and execution will continue after a warning message is printed.

chkstk

Check the stack for available space upon entry to and before the start of a parallel region. Useful when many private variables are declared.

concur[=option[,option,...]]

Instructs the compiler to enable auto-concurrentization of loops. If -Mconcur is specified, multiple processors will be used to execute loops which the compiler determines to be parallelizable. When linking, the -Mconcur switch must be specified or unresolved references will occur. The NCPUS environment variable controls how many processors will be used to execute parallelized loops. The options can be one or more of the following:

altcode[:n]

Instructs the parallelizer to generate alternate scalar code for parallelized loops. If altcode is specified without arguments, the parallelizer determines an appropriate cutoff length and generates scalar code to be executed whenever the loop count is less than or equal to that length. If altcode:n is specified, the scalar altcode is executed whenever the loop count is less than or equal to n.

noaltcode

If noaltcode is specified, the parallelized version of the loop is always executed regardless of the loop count.

dist:block

Parallelize with block distribution. Contiguous blocks of iterations of a parallelizable loop are assigned to the available processors.

dist:cyclic

Parallelize with cyclic distribution. The outermost parallelizable loop in any loop nest is parallelized. If a parallelized loop is innermost, its iterations are allocated to processors cyclically. For example, if there are 3 processors executing a loop, processor 0 performs iterations 0, 3, 6, etc; processor 1 performs iterations 1, 4, 7, etc; and processor 2 performs iterations 2, 5, 8, etc.

cncall

Loops containing calls are safe to parallelize. Also, no minimum loop count threshold must be satisfied before parallelization will occur, and last values of scalars are assumed to be safe.

noassoc

Disables parallelization of loops with reductions.

coff

Generate a COFF formatted object

[no]dalign

(Don't) align doubles in structures on 8-byte boundaries. -Mnodalign may lead to data alignment exceptions.

[no]llalign

(Don't) align long longs or INTEGER*8 in structures or common blocks on 8-byte boundaries. -Mnollalign s the default, and this is a change with release 4.0. Releases prior to 4.0 aligned long longs on 8-byte boundaries.

[no]depchk

(Don't) assume that potential data dependencies exists. -Mnodepchk may result in incorrect code; the -Msafeptr switch provides a less dangerous way to accomplish the same thing.

dwarf1

Generate DWARF1 debug information with -g

dwarf2

Generate DWARF2 debug information with -g. This is default.

dollar,char

Set the character used to replace dollar signs in names to be char. Default is an underscore (_).

elf

Generate ELF formatted object

extract=[option[,option,...]]

Run the subprogram extraction phase to prepare for inlining. The -o filename option or =lib:filename option must be used with this switch to name an extract library. See -Minline for more details on inlining.

subprogram[,subprogram]

A non-numeric option not containing a period is assumed to be the name of a subprogram to be extracted.

name:subprogram[,subprogram]

Specifies the name of a subprogram or subprograms to be extracted.

lib:directory

Specifies the name of a directory to contain the extracted subprograms; this directory will be created if it does not exist. The directory may also be specified with the -o directory option.

[size:]number

A numeric option is assumed to be a size. Functions containing number or less statements are extracted. If both number and function are specified, then functions matching the given name(s) or meeting the size requirements, are extracted.

levels:<n>

Extracts n times to gain multiple levels of inlining

[no]flushz

Set SSE MXCSR register to flush-to-zero mode

[no]fptrap

-Mnofptrap performs the semantics of -Knoieee (use in-line divide, link in non-IEEE libraries if available, and disable underflow traps) and disables floating point traps.

[no]frame

(Don't) generate frame setup code. Disabling frame pointers may make programs run faster but prevents function traceback from working properly when using a debugger.

[no]func32

Align functions on 32 byte boundaries

info[=option[,option,...]]

Emit useful information to stderr. The options are:

time | stat

Emit compilation statistics.

loop

Emit information about loops. This includes information about loop unrolling, vectorization and software pipelining.

inline

Emit information about functions extracted and inlined.

ipa

Emit information about the InterProcedural Analyzer (IPA).

sym

Emit symbol names as comments in assembly file.

all

All of the above.

inform=level

instructs the compiler to display error messages at the specified and higher levels, where level is one of the following:

fatal

instructs the compiler to display fatal error messages.

severe

instructs the compiler to display severe and fatal error messages.

warn

instructs the compiler to display warning, severe and fatal error messages.

inform

instructs the compiler to display all error messages (inform, warn, severe and fatal).

inline[=option[,option,...]]

Pass options to the function inliner. Inlining will occurr on all member functions defined inside a class, and all functions marked with the keyword inline. Refer to the pgCC User's Guide for further restrictions on inlined functions. The options are:

[lib:]filename.ext

An option containing a period is assumed to be an inline library created by a previous -Mextract option. If lib: is specified, no period is necessary. Functions from the specified library are inlined. If no library is specified, functions are extracted from a temporary library created during an extract prepass.

except:<func>

Specifies which functions should not be inlined.

[name:]function

A non-numeric option not containing a period is assumed to be a function name. If name: is specified, what follows is always the name of a function.

[size:]number

A numeric option is assumed to be a size. Functions containing number or less statements are inlined. If both number and function are specified, then functions matching the given name(s) or meeting the size requirements, are inlined.

levels:number

number of levels of inlining are performed. The default is 1.

ipa[=option[,option,...]]

Pass options to the InterProcedural Analyzer (IPA). If no option list is specified, then it is equivalent to -Mipa=const. The options are:

const

noconst Enable or disable propagation of constants across procedure calls.

ptr

Instructs the IPA to perform pointer disambiguation across procedure calls.

align

Instructs the IPA to recognize when pointer targets are all cache-line aligned, allowing better SSE code generation.

arg

Instructs the IPA to remove arguments replaced by -Mipa=ptr,const.

localarg

Externalizes local variables for use with -Mipa=arg

vestigial

Instructs the IPA to eliminate functions that are not called.

globals

Instructs the IPA to optimize references to globals when not used in procedure calls.

fast

Equivalent to -Mipa=const,globals,ptr,vestigial.

safe

When the whole call tree is not available to the IPA, declares that unknown procedures do not call back into the known procedures and do not change global variables.

pure

Pure function detection.

inline

Instructs the IPA to inline functions.

levels:<n>

n is the maximum number of levels ipa should attempt to inline, if appropriate. the IPA created executable over the non-IPA executable.

collect

Used to run the first phase of IPA, the data collection, without generating code.

ipofile

Save the IPA information in a ".ipo" file instead of the default of appending the information to the object file.

noerror

Disables the default behavior of producing an error if recompilation is needed.

rm

The default. Removes stale object files at IPA link time.

norm

Overrides the -Mipa=rm process.

keepasm

Keep the assembly file for each C source file, but continue to assemble and link the program. This is mainly for use in compiler performance analysis and debugging.

lfs

Link in the Large File Support routines available on Linux versions later than Red hat 7.0 or SuSE 7.1. This will support files from fortran I/O that are larger than 2GB. Equivalent to -L$PGI/linux86/5.0/liblf .

[no]list

(Don't) create a listing file.

lre[=assoc | noassoc]

Perform Loop-carried redundancy elimination. assoc | noassoc Allow or not allow expression reassociation.

mpi

(CDK only) -Mmpi inserts a -L$MPILIB -lfmpich -lmpich into the link line, where $MPILIB is set in localrc (if it's not set, the -L$MPILIB is left out). The user can set the environment variables MPILIB and MPILIBNAME to rename the directory and library name.

neginfo=option[,option]...

Instructs the compiler to produce information on why certain optimizations are not performed. Possible value for option include concur and loop.

noframe

Eliminate operations that set up a true stack frame pointer for functions.

nontemporal

Allow nontemporal move prefetching. Under -fastsse, -Mnontemporal can sometimes be faster than -fastsse alone.

noopenmp

When -mp is present, ignore the OpenMP pragmas.

nosgimp

When -mp is present, ignore the SGI parallelization pragmas.

nostartup

Do not link in the usual startup routine. This routine contains the entry point for the program.

pf[=filename]

Invoke the Profile Feedback Analyzer (PFA). This should be used in conjunction with the IPA. Use file as the name of the PFA file rather than the default

nostddef

Do not predefine any macros to the preprocessor when compiling a C program. The normal predefined macros are: -Dx86 and -Dunix.

nostdinc

Do not search in the standard location for include files when those files are not found elsewhere.

nostdlib

Do not link in the standard libraries when linking a program.

novintr

Do not generate vector intrinsic calls.

nozerotrip

Removes the zero-trip test. Only use when all loops are known to execute at least once.

prof[=option[,option,...]]

Set profile options. Normally, the -q or -p switches are used for this; however, on some systems, it is desirable to override the default method of profiling. See the PGI profiler manual, or the system profiler manual, for further information.

func

Perform PGI-style function level profiling.

lines

Perform PGI-style line level profiling.

mpi

Use and link MPICH-style profiling (CDK Only).

quad

Align large objects on quad-word boundaries.

[no]reentrant

(Don't) enable optimizations that may result in code that is not reentrant. Even with -reentrant , the code may still not be reentrant if it is improperly written (e.g., SAVEd variables).

safe_lastval

In the case where a scalar is used after a loop, but is not defined on every iteration of the loop, the compiler does not by default parallelize the loop. However, this option tells the compiler it safe to parallelize the loop.

safeptr[=option[,option,...]]

Override data dependence between C pointers and arrays. This option must be used with care since the potential exists for code to be generated that will result in unexpected or incorrect results as is defined by ANSI C. However, when used properly, this option has the potential to greatly enhance the performance of code, especially floating point oriented loops. Combinations of the options may be used and interact appropriately.

dummy | arg

C dummy arguments (pointers and arrays) are treated with the same copyin/copyout semantics as Fortran dummy arguments.

auto

C local or auto variables (pointers and arrays) are assumed not to overlap or conflict with other data objects and are independent.

static

C static variables (pointers and arrays) are assumed not to overlap or conflict with other data objects and are independent.

global

C global or extern variables (pointers and arrays) are assumed not to overlap or conflict with other data objects and are independent.

scalapack

Add the Scalapack libraries. (CDK only)

scalarsse

Utilize the SSE (Pentium 3, 4, AthlonXP/MP/64, Opteron) and SSE2 (Pentium 4/Athlon64/Opteron) instructions to perform the operations coded. This assumes the user has an assembler capable of interpreting SSE/SSE2 instructions, as in later versions of Linux. This implies -Mflushz.

[no]signextend

(Don't) sign extend when a narrowing conversion overflows. For example, if -Msignextend is in effect and an integer containing the value 65535 is converted to a short, the value of the short will be -1. This option is provided for compatibility with other compilers, even though ANSI C specifies that the result of such conversions are undefined. -Msignextend will decrease performance.

schar

Specify signed char characters. Also see the -Muchar option.

[no]signextend

(Don't) sign extend when a narrowing conversion overflows. For example, if -Msignextend is in effect and an integer containing the value 65535 is converted to a short, the value of the short will be -1. This option is provided for compatibility with other compilers, even though ANSI C specifies that the result of such conversions are undefined. -Msignextend will decrease performance.

[no]single

(Don't) suppress the ANSI-specified conversion of float to double when passing arguments to a function with no prototype in scope. -Msingle may result in faster code when single precision is used a lot, but is non-ANSI compliant.

stabs

Generates limited stabs info. (Windows only)

uchar

Treat plain char declarations as unsigned char declarations. Also see the -Mschar option..

unroll [=option [,option...]]

invokes the loop unroller. This also sets the optimization level to 2 if the level is set to less than 2. The option is one of the following:

c:m

instructs the compiler to completely unroll loops with a constant loop count less than or equal to m, a supplied constant. If this value is not supplied, the m count is set to 4.

n:u     

instructs the compiler to unroll
u times, a loop which is not completely unrolled, or has a non-constant loop count. If u is not supplied, the unroller computes the number of times a candidate loop is unrolled.

vect[=option[,option,...]]

Pass options to the internal vectorizer. If no option list is specified, then the following vector optimizations are used: assoc,cachesize:262144,nosse. The vect options are:

altcode:n

Instructs the vectorizer to generate alternate scalar code for vectorized loops. If altcode is specified without arguments, the vectorizer determines an appropriate cutoff length and generates scalar code to be executed whenever the loop count is less than or equal to that length. If altcode:n is specified, the scalar altcode is executed whenever the loop count is less than or equal to n.

noaltcode

If noaltcode is specified, the vectorized version of the loop is always executed regardless of the loop count.

assoc

Instructs the vectorizer to enable certain associativity conversions that can change the results of a computation due to roundoff error. A typical optimization is to change an arithmetic operation to an arithmetic operation that is mathematically correct, but can be computationally different, due to round-off error.

noassoc

Instructs the vectorizer to disable associativity conversions.

cachesize[:number]

Instructs the vectorizer, when performing cache tiling optimizations, to assume a cache size of number.

prefetch

Instructs the vectorizer to search for loops, and where possible, use the Pentium III or Athlon prefetch instructions.

sse

Instructs the vectorizer to search for loops, and where possible, use the Pentium III SSE and prefetch or the AthlonXP 3Dnow and prefetch instructions.

nosse

Instructs the vectorizer not to use Pentium III SSE or prefetch or AthlonXP 3Dnow or prefetch instructions.

idiom

Instructs the vectorizer to look for idioms that can be directly substitured with internal routines before performing vectorizing optimizations.

noidiom

Instructs the vectorizer to not look for idioms, before performing vectorizing optimizations. This is the default behavior.

ENVIRONMENT

pgCC runs in two distinct environments. The first is a cross environment, where the compiler runs on one host and generates code for a different host. The second is a native environment, where the compiler and the generated code both run on the same machine.

Each of these environments use different directories for the executables, different libraries, and different default options. In addition, there may be custom installations that define their own default parameters to the compilers. The remainder of this section describes the standard PGI implementation.  

FILES

a.out

executable output file, UNIX

a.exe

executable output file, Windows NT

pgprof.out

PGPROF output file,

file.a

library of object files

file.C

C++ source file

file.cc

C++ source file

file.cpp

C++ source file

file.i

C++ source file after preprocessing.

file.ipa

InterProcedural Analyzer (IPA) file

file.ipo

InterProcedural Analyzer (IPA) file

file.o

object file

file.s

assembler source file.

file.ti

C++ template instantiation file

Executables reside in $PGI/<target>/5.0/bin; libraries and objects reside in $PGI/<target>/5.0/lib. PGI is an environment variable that is set to the root of the compiler installation directory. If PGI is not set, the default is /usr/pgi on UNIX systems and C:/pgi on Windows NT systems.

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/.pgCCrc

Driver C++ configuration file

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/.pgirc

Default driver startup configuration file

$PGI/linux86/5.0/bin/linux86rc

Compiler driver configuration file (Linux only)

$PGI/nt86/5.0/bin/nt86rc

Compiler driver configuration file (Windows NT only)

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgCC

C++ compilation driver

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgCCrc

C++ compiler driver configuration file

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgc

C compiler

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgc_ex

C compiler function extractor

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgcc

C compiler driver

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgcomprc

C compiler driver configuration file.

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgdecode

C++ name demangler

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgcpp1

C++ Pre-pass 1

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgcpp2

C++ Pre-pass 2

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgcpp2ex

C++ Pre-pass extractor

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgmunch

C++ constructor generator

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/pgprelnk

C++ template generator

$PGI/<target>/5.0/bin/sharedrc

Driver configuration file

$PGI/<target>/5.0/lib/initmp.o

Initialization routine.

$PGI/<target>/5.0/lib/libC.a

C++ Library.

$PGI/<target>/5.0/lib/libpgc.a

C startup routines

$PGI/<target>/5.0/lib/libstd.a

Standard template library.

$PGI/<target>/5.0/lib/libpgmp.a

C++ MP library

$PGI/<target>/5.0/include

Include files for C library

$PGI/<target>/5.0/include/CC

Include files for C++ libraries

SEE ALSO

DIAGNOSTICS

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

A NOTE ON C++ OPTIMIZATION

OPTIONS

ENVIRONMENT

FILES

SEE ALSO

DIAGNOSTICS