Franz Joseph Haydn

Portrait of Haydn

An Austrian composer, he began his career in the traditional patronage system of the late Austrian Baroque, and ended as a 'free' artist within the burgeoning Romanticism of the early 19th century. Famous as early as the mid-1760s, by the 1780s he had become the most celebrated composer of his time, and from the 1790s until his death was a culture-hero throughout Europe. Since the early 19th century he has been venerated as the first of the three ëViennese Classicsí (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven). He excelled in every musical genre; during the first half of his career his vocal works were as famous as his instrumental ones, although after his death the reception of his music focussed on the latter (except for The Creation). He is familiarly known as the ëfather of the symphonyí and could with greater justice be thus regarded for the string quartet; no other composer approaches his combination of productivity, quality and historical importance in these genres. In the 20th century he was understood primarily as an ëabsoluteí musician (exhibiting wit, originality of form, motivic saturation and a ëmodernistí tendency to problematize music rather than merely to compose it), but earnestness, depth of feeling and referential tendencies are equally important to his art.

(From Grove Music Online - Article on Haydn)

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