We propose detailed studies of pine trees near the presumed center of the introduction (ca. Syracuse, NY) that have been infested by Sirex noctilio. The broad goals are: (1) to provide an improved basis for judging how long S. noctilio has been in a region based on examination of dead trees; (2) evaluate spatial patterns in reproductive success of S. noctilio; and (3) identify and characterize the ecological factors that will influence whether S. noctilio in North America becomes a notable forest pest (as in southern hemisphere) or a relatively benign scavenger of dying pines (as in Europe). The research plan has four main objectives.

1. Develop a forensic dendropathology model for dating the year in which trees were attacked by S. noctilio based on the succession of invertebrate and fungal communities following the initial infestation by S. noctilio.

2. Develop a spatially referenced database of tree attacks and reproductive success of Sirex within those trees.

3. Evaluate relationships between population abundance of Sirex and their reproductive success. Is there evidence of stabilizing population regulation or destabilizing positive feedback?

4. Screen for potentially strong community interactions (positive and negative, direct and indirect) with other (mainly native) species inhabiting pine forests of central North America.