HybridizationThese QuickTime movies supplement the discussion of hybrid orbitals starting on page 593 in the text. The first supplements Figure 16.11(a) on page 593. This animation simply shades the hybrids, showing their evolution as the two atomic wavefunctions, s and p, mix on the left, producing the two equivalent sp hybrids on the right. sp hybridssp3 hybridsThe animation below shows how an s orbital (in yellow) mixes with the three p orbitals (red and blue) to produce one of the four equivalent sp3 hybrids. In the mixture animated here, all four atomic orbitals are added to produce the hybrid. All four hybrids are illustrated on the right, inscribed in a cube and shown bonded to H atom 1s orbitals (in green), as in methane, CH4.  |
