Original Manuscripts

1. Witters, L. A., Alberico, L., and Avruch, J. (1976) Insulin regulation of glycogen synthase in the isolated rat hepatocyte. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 69: 977-1003.

2. Witters, L. A., Herbert, P. N., Shulman, R. S., Krauss, R. A., and Levy, R. I. (1976) Therapeutic failure in familial type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Metabolism 25: 1017.

3. Witters, L. A., Ohman, J. L., Weir, G. C., Raymond, L., and Lowell, F. C. (1977) Insulin antibodies in the pathogenesis of insulin allergy and resistance. Amer. J. Med. 63: 703-709.

4. Witters, L. A., Avruch, J. (1978) Insulin regulation of hepatic glycogen synthase and phosphorylase. Biochemistry 17: 406-410.

5. Avruch, J., Witters, L. A., Alexander, M. C., and Bush, M. A. (1978) The effects of glucagon and insulin on cytoplasmic protein phosphorylation in hepatocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 253: 4754-4761.

6. Avruch, J., Witters, L. A., Alexander, M. C., Bush, M. A., and Crapo, L. M. (1979) Insulin and the phosphorylation of intracellular proteins. Proc. ICN/UCLA Symp. Transmembrane Signalling 31: 621-628.

7. Witters, L. A., Kowaloff, E. M., and Avruch, J. (1979) Glucagon regulation of protein phosphorylation: Identification of acetyl-CoA carboxylase as a substrate. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 245-249.

8. Witters, L. A. and Trasko, C. T. (1979) Regulation of hepatic free fatty acid metabolism by insulin and glucagon. Amer. J. Physiol. 237: E23-E29.

9. Witters, L. A., Moriarty, D., and Martin, D. B. (1979) Regulation of hepatic acetyl- CoA carboxylase by insulin and glucagon. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 6644-6649.

10. Alexander, M. C., Kowaloff, E. M., Witters, L. A., Dennihy, D. T., and Avruch, J. (1979) Purification of a hepatic 123,000 dalton hormone-stimulated 32P- peptide and its identification as ATP-citrate lyase. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 8052-

11. Avruch, J., Witters, L. A., Alexander, M. C., Kowaloff, E. M., and Palmer, J. L. (1979) Insulin-stimulated protein phosphorylation: A progress report. Proc. 10th International Congr. Diabetes Federation 500: 185-190.

12. Witters, L. A. and Vogt, B. (1981) A new method for the isolation of rat liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase. J. Lipid Res. 22: 364-369.

13. Segre, G. V., Perkins, A. S., Witters, L. A., and Potts, J. T. Jr. (1981) Metabolism of parathyroid hormone by isolated rat Kupffer cells and hepatocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 67: 449-457.

14. Witters, L. A. (1981) Insulin stimulates the phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 100: 872-878.

15. Witters, L. A., Friedman, S. A., and Bacon, G. W. (1981) Microsomal acetyl-CoA carboxylase: evidence for association of enzyme polymer with liver microsomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 78: 3639-3643.

16. Witters, L. A., Friedman, S. A., Tipper, J. P., and Bacon, G. W. (1981) Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by guanine nucleotides. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 8573-8578.

17. Avruch, J., Alexander, M. C., Palmer, J. L., Pierce, M. W., Nemenhof, R. A., Blackshear, P. J., Tipper, J. P., and Witters, L. A. (1982) The role of insulin- stimulated protein phosphorylation in insulin action. Fed. Proc.41: 2629-2633.

18. Tipper, J. P. and Witters, L. A. (1982) In vitro phosphorylation and inactivation of rat liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase purified by avidin-affinity chromatography. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 715: 162-169.

19. Ingebritsen, T. S., Blair, J., Guy, P., Witters, L. A., and Hardie, D. G. (1983) The protein phosphatases involved in cellular regulation. 3. Fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Eur. J. Biochem. 132: 275-281.

20. Holland, R., Witters, L. A., and Hardie, D. G. (1983) The effect of glucagon on acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation in hepatocytes. In: Int. Symp. on Isolation, Characterization and Use of Hepatocytes, R. A. Harris and N. W. Cornell (eds.), Elsevier Biomedical, New York, pp. 585-590.

21. Witters, L. A., Tipper, J. P., and Bacon, G. W. (1983) Stimulation of site-specific phosphorylation of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase by insulin and epinephrine. J. Biol. Chem. 258: 5643-5648.

22. Tipper, J. P., Bacon, G. W., and Witters, L. A. (1983) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase protein kinase: isolation of two cAMP-independent kinases identical to casein kinase I and casein kinase II. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 227: 386-396.

23. Holland, R., Witters, L. A., and Hardie, D. G. (1984) Glucagon inhibits fatty acid synthesis in isolated hepatocytes via phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by cyclic AMP- dependent protein kinase. Eur. J. Biochem. 140: 325-333.

24. Witters, L. A., Vater, C. E., and Lienhard, G. (1985) Phosphorylation of the glucose transporter in vitro and in vivo by protein kinase C. Nature 315: 777- 778.

25. Witters, L. A. and Bacon, G. W. (1985) Protein phosphatases active on acetyl- CoA carboxylase phosphorylated by casein kinase I and II and the cAMP- dependent protein kinase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 130: 1132-1138.

26. Blackshear, P. J., Witters, L. A., Girard, P. R., Kuo, J. F., and Quamo, S. N. (1985) Growth factor-stimulated protein phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 260: 13304-13315.

27. Glynn, B. P., Colliton, J. W., McDermott, J. M., and Witters, L. A. (1985) Assay of protein kinase C with an N-bromosuccinimide-cleavage fragment of histone H-1. Biochem. J. 231: 489-492.

28. Witters, L. A., Colliton, J. W., McDermott, J. M., Zhang, F., and Glynn, B. P. (1986) Regulation of adipocyte metabolism by insulin and phorbol esters: potential role of protein kinase C. In: Mechanisms of Insulin Action, P. Belfrage (ed.), Elsevier Press, pp. 229-237.

29. Blackshear, P. J., Wen, L., Glynn, B. P., and Witters, L. A. (1986) Protein kinase C-stimulated phosphorylation in vitro of a Mr 80,000 protein phosphorylated in response to phorbol esters and growth factors in intact fibroblasts. J. Biol. Chem. 261:1459-1469.

30. Blackshear, P. J., Wen, L., Nemenoff, R., Gunsalus, J. R., and Witters, L. A. (1986) Growth factor activation of protein kinase C-dependent and independent pathways of protein phosphorylation in fibroblasts. Relevance to activation of protein kinase C in neuronal tissues. In: Prog. Brain Res., G. H. Gispen and A. H. Routtenberg (eds.), Elsevier Sci. Pub., Amsterdam, Chapter 16, pp. 183-195.

31. Glynn, B. P., Colliton, J. W., McDermott, J. M., and Witters, L. A. (1986) Phorbol esters, but not insulin, promote depletion of cytosolic protein kinase C in rat adipocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 135: 1119-1125.

32. Witters, L. A. (1986) Protein kinases and phosphatases active on acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Adv. Prot. Phosphatases 3:201-224.

33. Witters, L. A. and McDermott, J. M. (1986) Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by ADP-ribosylation. Biochemistry 25:7216-7220.

34. Witters, L. A., Mendel, D. W., and Colliton, J. W. (1987) Modulation of acetyl- CoA carboxylase by inhibitors of IMP dehydrogenase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 252:130-135.

35. Allard, W. J., Gibbs, E. M., Witters, L. A., and Lienhard, G. E. (1987) The glucose transporter in human fibroblasts is phosphorylated in response to phorbol ester but not in response to growth factors. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 929:288-295.

36. Witters, L. A. and Watts, T. D. (1988) An autocrine factor from Reuber hepatoma cells that stimulates DNA synthesis and acetyl-CoA carboxylase: Characterization of biologic activity and evidence for a glycan structure. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 8027-8036.

37. Evans, J. L. and Witters, L. A. (1988) Quantitation by immunoblotting of the in vivo induction and subcellular distribution of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 264: 103-113.

38. Witters, L. A., Watts, T. D., Daniels, D. L., and Evans, J. L. (1988) Insulin stimulates the dephosphorylation and activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 5473-5477.

39. Witters, L. A., Watts, T. D., Gould, G. W., Lienhard, G. E., and Gibbs, E. M. ( 1988) Regulation of protein phosphorylation by insulin and an insulinomimetic oligosaccharide in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and Fao hepatoma cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 153, 992-998.

40. Vivier, P. M., Dietrich, A. J., and Witters, L. A. (1988) Management of elevated cholesterol levels by New Hampshire primary care physicians: Report of a survey. Family Practice 27, 167-172.

41. Evans, J. L., Quistorff, B., and Witters, L. A. (1989) Zonation of hepatic lipogenic enzymes identified by dual digitonin pulse perfusion. Biochem. J. 259:821-829.

42. Bianchi, A., Evans, J. L, Watts, T. D. and Witters, L. A. (1990) Identification of an isozymic form of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. J. Biol. Chem., 265, 1502- 1508.

43. Iverson, A.J., Nordlund, A-C., and Witters, L.A. (1990), Immunologic Analysis of acetyl-CoA carboxylase mass, tissue distribution and subunit composition, Biochem. J.,269,365-371.

44. Evans, J.L., Quistorff, B. and Witters, L.A. (1990), Hepatic zonation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity, Biochem. J., 270, 665-672.

45. Witters, L.A. and Watts, T.D. (1990), Yeast acetyl-CoA carboxylase: in vitro phosphorylation by mammalian and yeast protein kinases, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm,169, 369-376.

46. Bianchi, A., Quistorff, B. and Witters, L.A. (1990), Hepatic Zonation of Insulin- Stimulated Tyrosine Phosphorylation, FEBS Lett., 269, 435-439.

47. Witters, L.A. (1990), Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2 (No. 2), 212-220.

48. Quistorff, B. Rømert, P. Evans, J.L. and Witters, L.A. (1991) In: Regulation of Hepatic Function: Metabolic and Structural Interactions, Alfred Benzon Symp. No. 30, (eds: N Grunnet and B. Quistorff), Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 50-67.

49. Witters, L.A. , Nordlund, A.-C. And Marshall, L. (1991) Reversible Inhibition of Cellular Acetyl CoA Carboxylase by ATP Depletion: Evidence for the Involvement of the 5'-AMP-Stimulated Protein Kinase, Biochem.Biophys. Res. Comm., 181, 1486-1492.

50. Bianchi, A., Evans, J.L., Nordlund, A.-C.., Watts, T. D., and Witters, L. A. (1991) Acetyl-CoA carboxylase in Reuber hepatoma cells: covariation of enzyme activity, insulin regulation and neutral lipid content, J. Cell. Biochem., 48, 86- 97.

51. Lynch, C. J., McCall, K. M., Billingsley, M. L., Hreniuk, S. P., Martin, L. F., Witters, L. A., and Vannucci, S. J. (1992) Pyruvate carboxylase in obesity. Am. J. Physiol. 262: E608-E618.

52. Louis, N. and Witters, L.A. (1992), Glucose regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in hepatoma and islet cells, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 2287-2293.

53. Witters, L.A. and Kemp, B.E. (1992) Insulin activation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase accompanied by inhibition of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 2864-2867.

54. Quistorff, B, Katz, N. and Witters, L.A. (1992) Hepatocyte Heterogeneity in the Metabolism of Fatty Acids: Discrepancies in the Hepatic Zonation of Acetyl- CoA Carboxylase, Enzyme, 46, 59-71.

55. Spencer, E.B., Bianchi, A., Widmer, J. and Witters, L.A. (1993) Brain acetyl-CoA carboxylase: Identification of the brain isozyme and studies of its regulation during development and altered nutrition, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 192, 820-825.

56. Witters, L.A., Christiansen, A. Fassihi , K. , King, A. N. , Widmer, J. and Quistorff , B. (1993) Application of Dual-Digitonin Pulse Perfusion to the Study of Hepatic mRNA Zonation, Biochem. J, 294, 809-812.

57. Saddik, M., Gamble, J., Witters, L.A. and Lopaschuk, G.D. (1993) Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Regulation of Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Heart, J. Biol. Chem.., 268, 25836-25845.

58. Kinlaw, W. B., Tron, P., and Witters, L. A. (1993) Thyroid hormone and dietary carbohydrate induce different hepatic zonation of both "spot 14" and acetyl- coenzyme-A carboxylase: a novel mechanism of coregulation. Endocrinology, 133:645-50.

59. Witters, L. A., Gao, G. Kemp, B.E. and Quistorff, B. (1994) Hepatic 5'-AMP- Activated Protein Kinase: Zonal Distribution and Relationship to Acetyl- CoA Carboxylase Activity in Varying Nutritional States, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 308, 413-419.

60. Witters, L.A., Widmer, J., King, A.N., Fassihi, K. and Kuhajda, F. (1994) Identification of Human Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Isozymes in Tissue and in Breast Cancer Cells , Int. J. Biochem., 26: 589-594.

61. Mitchellhill, K.I., Stapleton, D.A., Gao, G., House, C., Michell, B., Witters, L.A. and Kemp, B.E. (1994) Mammalian AMP-activated Protein Kinase Shares Structural and Functional Homology with the Catalytic Domain of Yeast snf1 Protein Kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 2361-2364.

62. McMillin, J.B., Wang, D., Witters, L.A. and Buja, L.M. (1994) Kinetic Properties of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I in Cultured Neonatal Rat Cardiac Myocytes, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 312, 375-384.

63. Lopaschuk, G.D., Witters, L.A., Itoi, T., Barr, R. and Barr, A. (1994) Acetyl CoA Carboxylase Involvement in the Rapid Maturation of Fatty Acid Oxidation in the Newborn Rabbit Heart, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 25871-25878.

64. Stapleton, D. A., Gao, G., Michell, B., Widmer, J., Mitchellhill, K, Teh, House, C.M. , Witters, L.A. and Kemp, B.E. (1994) Mammalian 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase non-catalytic subunits are homologs of proteins that interact with the yeast SNF1 protein kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 269, 29343-29346.

65. Gao, G., Widmer, J., Stapleton, D. A., Teh, T., Cox, T., Kemp, B.E. and Witters, L.A. (1995) The Catalytic Subunit of the 5'-AMP-activated Protein Kinase: cDNA Cloning and mRNA Distribution, Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1266, 73-82.

66. Stapleton, D., Mitchelhill, K., Gao, G., Widmer, J., Michell, B., Teh, T., House, C.M., Fernandez, S.C., Cox, T. , Witters, L.A. and Kemp, B.E. (1996), A Mammalian AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Subfamily, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 611-614.

67. Widmer, J., Fassihi, K.S. Schlichter, S.C., Wheeler, K.S., Crute, B.E., King, N., Nutile-McMenemy, N., Noll, W.W., Samira Daniel, S., Ha, J., Kim, K.-H. Witters, L.A. (1996), Identification of a Second Human Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Gene, Biochem J., 316, 915-922.

68.Gao, G., Stapleton, D., Auster, A.S., Fernandez, S.C., Widmer, J., Kemp, B.E.and Witters, L.A. (1996), Non-catalytic Beta and Gamma Subunit Isoforms of the 5'-AMP-activated Protein Kinase , J. Biol. Chem., 271, 8675-8681.

69. Kudo, N., Gillespie, J.G., King, L., Schulz, R., Clanachan, A.S., Witters, L.A., and Lopaschuk, G.D., (1996), Characterization of 5'-AMP-activated Protein Kinase in the Heart and Its Role in Inhibiting Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase During Reperfusion Following Ischemia, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1301,67-75.

70. Saha, A.K., Vavvas, D., Kurowski, T.G., Apazidis, A., Witters, L.A., Shafrir, E.; and Ruderman, N.B. (1996) A Malonyl CoA-Citrate Fuel Sensing and Signaling Mechanism in Skeletal Muscle: Its Link to the Glucose-Fatty Acid Cycle, Am. J. Physiol, 272, E641-648.

71. Dyck, J.R.B., Gao, G., Widmer, J., Stapleton, D., Fernandez, C.S., Kemp, B.E. and Witters, L.A. (1996) Regulation of 5'-AMP-activated Protein Kinase Activity by the Non-Catalytic Beta and Gamma Subunits, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 17798-17803.

72. Michell, B.J., Stapleton, D., Mitchelhill, K.I., House, C., Katsis, F., Witters, L.A.and Kemp, B.E. (1996) Isoform-Specific Purification and Substrate Specificity of the 5'-AMP-activated Protein Kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 28455-28450.

74. Milgraum, L.A., Witters, L.A., Pasternack, G.R. and Kuhajda, F.P. (1997), Enzymes of Fatty Acid Synthesis Pathway are Highly Expressed in In Situ Breast Carcinoma, Clin. Cancer Res., 3, 2215-2120.

76. Stapleton, D, Woolatt, E., Mitchelhill, K.I., Nicholl, J.K., Fernandez. C.S., Michell, B.J., Witters, L.A., Power, D.A., Sutherland, G.R. and Kemp, B.E. (1997), AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location, FEBS Lett. 409, 452-456.

78. Ullrich, C., Widmer, J., Park, J.P., Mohandas, T.K. and Witters, L.A. (1997), Assignment of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-beta to human chromosome band 12q24.1 by in situ hybridization, Cytogenet. Cell. Gen, 77. 176-177.

81. Crute, B.E., Seefeld, K., Gamble, J., Kemp, B.E. and Witters, L.A. (1998) Functional domains of the alpha-1 catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 35347-35354.

82. Kemp, B.E., Mitchelhill, K.I., Stapleton, D., Michel, B.J., Chen, Z.-P. and Witters, L.A. (1999) Dealing with energy demand: AMP-activated protein kinase, Trends in Biochem. Sci., 24, 22-25

83. Ruderman, N.B., Saha, A.K., Vavva, D. and Witters, L.A. (1999), Malonyl-CoA, fuel sensing and insulin resistance, Am. J. Physiol, 276 (Endocrinol. Metab. 39): E1-E18.

84. Chen, Z-P, Mitchellhill, K.I., Michell, B.J., Stapleton, D., Rodriguiez-Crespo, I., Lam, M.H.C., Witters, L.A., Power, D.A., Montellano, P.R.O. and Kemp, B.E. (1999), AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase, FEBS Letters, 443, 285-289.

85. Turley, A.M., Stapleton, D., Mann, R.J., Witters, L.A. Kemp, B.E. and Bartlett, P.F. (1999) Cellular distribution and developmental expression of AMP-activated protein kinase isoforms in mouse central nervous system, J. Neurochem. 72, 1707-1716.

86. Muoio, D.M., Seefeld, K., Witters, L.A. and Coleman, R.A. (1999) AMP-activated kinase reciprocally regulates triacyglycerol synthesis and fatty acid oxidation in liver and muscle: evidence that sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase is a novel target, Biochem. J., 338, 783-791.

87. Derave, W., Ai, H., Ihlemann, J., Witters, L.A., Kristiansen, S. ,Ploug, T. and Richter.E.A. (1999) Dissociation of AMP-activated protein kinase activation and glucose transport in contracting slow-twitch muscle, Diabetes, submitted.

88. Wilentz, R.E., Witters, L.A. and Pizer, E.S. (1999) Lipogenic enzymes fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase are co-expressed with sterol regulatory element binding protein and Ki-67 in fetal tissues, submitted.

Chapters in Books:

1. Witters, L. A. (1980) Risk factors in coronary artery disease: hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus. In: The Practice of Cardiology, R. A. Johnson, E. Haber, and W. G. Austen (eds.), Boston: Little, Brown and Co., pp. 400-415.

2. Witters, L. A. (1984) Endocrine and metabolic emergencies. In: Emergency Medicine, H. May (ed.), New York: John Wiley and Sons, Chapter 27, pp. 501- 515.

3. Witters, L. A. (1985) Regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by insulin and other hormones. In: Molecular Basis of Insulin Action, M. P. Czech (ed.), New York: Plenum Press, Chapter 18, pp. 315-328.

4. Witters, L. A. and Blackshear, P. J. (1987) Protein kinase C mediated phosphorylation in intact cells. In: Methods in Enzymology - Cellular Regulators B. Calcium and Lipids, P. M. Conn and A. R. Means (eds.), Acad. Press, 141:412-423.

5. Smith, R. and Witters, L.A. (1991) Endocrine and metabolic emergencies. In Emergency Medicine (2nd edition), H. May (ed.), New York, John Wiley and Sons.

6. Quistorff, B., Romert, P., Evans, J. and Witters, L.A. (1991) Digitonin perfusion in the study of metabolic zonation of the liver in Regulation of Hepatic Function, Alfred Benzon Symposium 30, Grunnet, N and Quistorff, B. (eds), Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp. 50-63.